Meetings :: essays research papers

Tips for Making Meetings Effective Throughout a project-oriented deployment, you will be required to conduct numerous meetings with your customer. If you plan them properly, you will be able to steer the project in the right direction. It also gives you the ability to gather all the key players in one room, put them on the same page, work through any issues that might have arisen and make any decisions that need to be made. When I first started running my own projects, I was given some great tips on what makes an effective meeting and felt that it might be helpful if I pass them on. Set Objectives – The art of setting objectives is something you will get better at with experience. You will want to give the attendees as much information as possible on why you have called the meeting and what you expect to accomplish. You will also want to set a clear timeline. Establish an agenda and distribute in advance – Send your attendees an agenda and a copy of the documentation you will be presenting to them. This gives them the opportunity to become prepared for the meeting and the opportunity to truly participate. Your results will fall short of your objectives if you give a customer a fifty page document and then turn around and ask if he or she has any questions. Send it out a few days in advance and let them know that you are willing to answer any questions they may have. Ask the attendees if they have talking points for the agenda and have them email those thoughts back to you before the meeting so you too will be better prepared. People love to participate. This shows them you are interested in what they have to say and also shows them that you like to be prepared in advance so as to not waste anyone’s time. Start and end the meeting on time (Don’t allow interruptions or sidetracking from the meetings agenda) – It is important for you to utilize your time as efficiently as possible. It is a good ideal to set tentative times for each item and then stick to them. You do this by the art of â€Å"on table / off table†. If you find the meeting getting off subject, you will want to take the subject â€Å"off table†. Then when you are documenting and assigning the next steps you will be able to schedule time for those questions / comments, if they are truly important.

The Return: Nightfall Chapter 30

Matt had given up on clues. As far as he could tell, something had caused Elena to bypass the Dunstan house and barn completely, hopping on and on until she got to a squashed and torn bed of thin creeping vines. They hung limp from Matt's fingers, but they reminded him, disquietingly, of the feeling of the bug's tentacles around his neck. And from there on there was no sign of human movement. It was as if a UFO had beamed her up. Now, from making forays to all sides until he had lost the patch of creepers, he was lost in the deep Wood. If he wanted to, he could fantasize that all sorts of noises were all around him. If he wanted to, he could imagine that the light of the flashlight was no longer as bright as it had been, that it had a sickly yellowish tinge†¦. All this time, while searching, he had kept as quiet as possible, realizing that he might be trying to sneak up on something that didn't want to be snuck up on. But now, somewhere inside him, something was swelling up and his ability to stop it was weakening by the second. When it burst out of him, it startled him as much as it might have any possible listeners. â€Å"Ellleeeeeeeeeeeeeeenaaaa!† From the time when he'd been a child, Matt had been taught to say his nighttime prayers. He didn't know much else about church, but he did have a deep and sincere feeling that there was Someone or Something out there that looked after people. That somewhere and somehow it all made sense, and that there were reasons for everything. That belief had been severely tested during the past year. But Elena's return from the dead had swept away all his doubts. It had seemed to prove everything that he'd always wanted to believe in. You wouldn't give her back to us for just a few days, and then take her away again? he wondered, and the wondering was really a form of praying. You wouldn't – would You? Because the thought of a world without Elena, without hersparkle ; her strong will; her way of getting into crazy adventures – and then getting out of them, even more crazily – well, it was too much to lose. The world would be painted in drab grays and dark browns again without her. There would be no fire-engine reds, no flashes of parakeet green, no cerulean, no daffodil, no mercury silver – and no gold. No sprinkles of gold in endless blue lapis lazuli eyes. â€Å"Elllleeeeeeenaaaa! Damn you, you answer me! It's Matt, Elena! Elleeeeee – â€Å" He broke off quite suddenly and listened. For a moment his heart leaped and his whole body started. But then he made out the words he could hear. â€Å"Eleeeeeenaaa? Maaaatt? Where are you?† â€Å"Bonnie?Bonnie! I'm here! † He turned his flashlight straight up, slowly twisting it in a circle. â€Å"Can you see me?† â€Å"Can you see us?† Matt pivoted slowly. And – yes – there were the beams of one flashlight, two flashlights, three! His heart leaped to seethree beams. â€Å"I'm coming toward you,† he shouted, and suited the action to the word. Secrecy had been long ago left behind. He was running into things, yanking at tendrils that tried to grab his ankles, but bellowing all the while, â€Å"Stay where you are! I'm coming to you!† And then the flashlight beams were right in front of him, blinding him, and somehow he had Bonnie in his arms, and Bonnie was crying. That at least lent the situation some normality. Bonnie was crying against his chest and he was looking at Meredith, who was smiling anxiously, and at†¦Mrs. Flowers? It had to be, she was wearing that gardening hat with the artificial flowers on it, as well as what looked like about seven or eight woolly sweaters. â€Å"Mrs. Flowers?† he said, his mouth finally catching up with his brain. â€Å"But – where's Elena?† There was a sudden droop in the three people watching him, as if they had been on tiptoes for news, and now they had slumped in disappointment. â€Å"We haven't seen her,† Meredith said quietly. â€Å"Youwere with her.† â€Å"Iwas with her, yeah. But then Damon came.He hurt her , Meredith† – Matt felt Bonnie's arms clench on him. â€Å"He had her rolling on the ground having seizures. I think he's going to kill her. And – he hurt me. I guess I blacked out. When I woke up she was gone.† â€Å"He took her away?† Bonnie asked fiercely. â€Å"Yeah, but†¦I don't understand what happened next.† Painfully, he explained about Elena seemingly jumping out of the car and the tracks that led nowhere. Bonnie shivered in his arms. â€Å"And then some other weird stuff happened,† Matt said. Slowly, faltering sometimes, he did his best to explain about Kristin, and the similarities to Tami. â€Å"That is†¦just plain weird,† Bonnie said. â€Å"I thought I had an answer, but if Kristin hasn't had any contact with any of the other girls†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"You were probably thinking something about the Salem witches, dear,† said Mrs. Flowers. Matt still couldn't get used to Mrs. Flowerstalking to them. She went on, â€Å"But you don't really know with whom Kristin has been in the last few days. Or with whom Jim has been, for that matter. Children have quite a lot of freedom in this day and age, and he might be – what do they call it? – acarrier .† â€Å"Besides, even if this is possession, it may be an entirely different kind of possession,† Meredith said. â€Å"Kristin lives out in the Old Wood. The Old Wood is full of these insects – these malach. Who knows whether it happened when she simply stepped outside her door? Who knows what was waiting for her?† Now Bonnie was shaking in Matt's arms. They'd turned out all the flashlights but one, to conserve energy, but it sure made for spooky surroundings. â€Å"But what about the telepathy?† Matt said to Mrs. Flowers. â€Å"I mean, I don't believe for a minute thatreal witches were attacking those Salem girls. I think they were repressed girls who had mass hysteria when they all got together, and somehow everything got out of hand. But how could Kristin know to call me – to call me – the same name that Tamra did?† â€Å"Maybe we've all got it all wrong,† Bonnie said, her voice buried somewhere in Matt's solar plexus. â€Å"Maybe it's not like Salem at all, where the – the hysteria spread out horizontally, if you see what I mean. Maybe there's somebody on top here, who's spreading it wherever they want to.† There was a brief silence, and then Mrs. Flowers murmured, â€Å" ¡Ã‚ ®Out of the mouths of babes and sucklings†¦'† â€Å"You mean you think that's right? But then who is it that's on top? Who's doing all of this?† Meredith demanded. â€Å"It can't be Damon because Damon saved Bonnie twice – and me once.† Before anyone could muster words to ask aboutthat , she was going on. â€Å"Elena was pretty sure that something was possessingDamon . So who else is it?† â€Å"Somebody we haven't met yet,† Bonnie muttered ominously. â€Å"Somebody we aren't going to like.† With perfect timing there was the crackle of a branch behind them. As one person, as one body, they turned to look. â€Å"What I really want,† Damon said to Elena, â€Å"is to get you warm. And that either means cooking you something hot so you'll warm up from the inside or putting you in the tub so you'll warm up from the outside. And considering what happened last time – â€Å" â€Å"I†¦don't feel I can eat anything†¦.† â€Å"Come on, it's an American tradition. Apple soup? Mom's homemade chicken pie?† She chuckled in spite of herself, then winced. â€Å"It's apple pie and Mom's homemade chicken soup. But you didn't do badly, for a start.† â€Å"Well? I promise not to mix the apples and the chicken together.† â€Å"I could try some soup,† Elena said slowly. â€Å"And, oh, Damon I'm so thirsty just for plain water. Please.† â€Å"I know, but you'll drink too much, get pains. I'll make soup.† â€Å"It comes in little cans with red paper on them. You pull the tab on top to make it come off†¦.† Elena stopped as he turned to the door. Damon knew she had serious doubts about the entire project, but he also knew that if he brought her anything passably drinkable she would drink it. Thirst did that to you. He was unliving proof of the example. As he went through the door there was a sudden horrendous noise, like a pair of kitchen choppers coming together. It nearly took off his – his rear from top to bottom, by the sound of it. â€Å"Damon!†A voice crying weakly through the door. â€Å"Damon, are you all right? Damon! Answer me!† Instead, he turned around, studied the door, which looked perfectly normal, and opened it. Anyone watching him open it would have wondered because he put a key in the unlocked door, said â€Å"Elena's room† and then unlocked and opened the door. When he got inside, he ran. Elena was lying in a hopeless tangle of sheets and blankets on the floor. She was trying to get up, but her face was blue-white with pain. â€Å"What pushed you off the bed?† he said. He was going to kill Shinichislowly . â€Å"Nothing. I heard a terrible sound just as the door shut. I tried to get to you, but – â€Å" Damon stared at her.†I tried to get to you, but – † This broken, hurting, exhausted creature had tried to rescuehim ? Tried so hard that she'd fallen off her bed? â€Å"I'm sorry,† she said, with tears in her eyes. â€Å"I can't get used to gravity. Are you hurt?† â€Å"Not as much as you are,† he said, purposely keeping his voice rough, his eyes averted. â€Å"I did something stupid, leaving the room, and the house†¦reminded me.† â€Å"What are you talking about?† said the woebegone Elena, dressed only in sheets. â€Å"This key,† Damon held it up for her to see. It was golden and could be worn as a ring, but two wings folded out and made a beautiful key. â€Å"What's wrong with it?† â€Å"The way I used it. This key has the power of the kitsune in it, and it will unlock anything and take you anywhere, but the way it works is that you put it into the lock, say where you want to go, and then turn the key. I forgot to do that in leaving your room.† Elena looked puzzled. â€Å"But what if a key doesn't have a lock in it? Most bedroom doors don't have locks.† â€Å"This key goes into any door. You might say it makes its own lock. It's a kitsune treasure – which I shook out of Shinichi when I was so angry about you being hurt. He'll be wanting it back soon.† Damon's eyes narrowed and he smiled faintly. â€Å"I wonder which of us will end up keeping it. I noticed another one in the kitchen – a spare, of course.† â€Å"Damon, all this about magical keys is interesting, but if you could let me get off the floor†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He was contrite at once. Then came the question of whether to put her on the bed or not. â€Å"I'll take the bath,† Elena said in a small voice. She unsnapped the top of her jeans and tried to scoot out of them. â€Å"Wait a minute! You might faint and drown. Lie down and I promise to get you clean, if you're willing to try and eat.† He had new reservations about the house. â€Å"Now undress on the bed and pull the sheet over you. I do wicked massages,† he added, turning away. â€Å"Look, you don't have to not look. It's something I haven't understood since I†¦came back,† Elena said. â€Å"Modesty taboos. I don't see why anyone should be ashamed of their body.† (This came to him in a rather muffled voice.) â€Å"I mean for anyone who says God made us, God made us without clothes, even after Adam and Eve. If it's so important, why didn't he make us with diapers on?† â€Å"Yes, actually, what you're saying reminds me of what I once said to the Dowager Queen of France,† Damon said, determined to keep her undressing while he gazed at a crack in one of the wooden panels of the wall. â€Å"I said that if God were both omnipotent and omniscient, then He surely knew our destinies beforehand, and why were the righteous doomed to be born as sinfully naked as the damned?† â€Å"And what did she say?† â€Å"Not a word. But she giggled and tapped me three times on the back of my hand with her fan, which I was later told was an invitation for an assignation. Alas, I had other obligations. Are you on the bed still?† â€Å"Yes, and I'm under a sheet,† Elena said wearily. â€Å"If she wereDowager Queen, I expect you were glad,† she added in a half-bewildered voice. â€Å"Aren't they the old mothers?† â€Å"No, Anne of Austria, Queen of France, kept her remarkable beauty to the end. She was the only redhead that – â€Å" Damon stopped, groping wildly for words as he faced the bed. Elena had done as he had asked. He just hadn't realized how much she would look like Aphrodite arising from the ocean. The ruffled white of the sheet came up to the warmer milk-white of her skin. She needed cleaning, certainly, but just knowing that under that thin sheet she was magnificently naked was enough to make him lose his breath. She had rolled her clothes into a ball and thrown them into the farthest corner of the room. He didn't blame her. He didn't think. He didn't give himself time. He simply held out his hands and said, â€Å"Lemon-thyme chicken consomm ¦, hot, in a Mikasa cup – and plum flower oil, very warm, in a vial.† Once the broth was duly consumed and Elena was lying on her back again, he began to gently massage her with the oil. Plum flower always made for a good start. It numbed the skin and the senses to pain, and it provided a basis for the other, more exotic, oils he planned to use on her. In a way, it was much better than dumping her in a modern bath or Jacuzzi. He knew where her injuries were; he could heat the oils to the appropriate temperature for any of them. And instead of a barely mobile Jacuzzi head spouting water against a bruise, he could avoid anything too sensitive – in the painful sense. He started with her hair, adding a very, very light coating of oil that would make the worst tangles easy to brush out. After the oiling, her hair shone like gold against her skin – honey on cream. Then he began with the muscles in her face: tiny strokes with his thumbs over her forehead to smooth it and relax it, forcing her to relax along with his movements. Slow, circular swirls at her temples, with only the lightest of pressure. He could see the thin blue veins traced here, and he knew that deep pressure could put her to sleep. He then proceeded to upper arms, her forearms, her hands, taking her apart with ancient strokes and the correct ancient essences to go with them, until she was nothing but a loose, boneless thing under the sheet: sleek and soft and yielding. He flashed his incandescent smile for a moment while pulling a toe until it popped – and then the smile turned ironic. He could have what he wanted of her, now. Yes, she was in no mood to refuse anything. But he hadn't counted on what the damned sheet would do tohim . Everyone knew that a scrap of covering, no matter how simple, always drew attention to the taboo area as pure nakedness did not. And massaging Elena by inches this way only focused him on what lay beneath the snowy fabric. After a while Elena said drowsily, â€Å"Aren't you going to tell the end of the story? About Anne of Austria, who was the only redhead to†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"†¦to, ah, remain a natural redhead to the end of her life,† Damon murmured. â€Å"Yes. It was said that Cardinal Richelieu was her lover.† â€Å"Isn't that the wicked Cardinal from theThe Three Musketeers ?† â€Å"Yes, but perhaps not so wicked as he was portrayed there, and certainly an able politician. And, some say, the real father of Louis†¦now turn over.† â€Å"It's a strange name for a king.† â€Å"Hm?† â€Å"Louis Now Turn Over,† Elena said, turning over and showing a flash of creamy thigh while Damon tried to eye various other parts of the room. â€Å"Depends on the naming traditions of the individual's native country,† Damon said wildly. All he could see were replays of that glimpse of thigh. â€Å"What?† â€Å"What?† â€Å"I was asking you – â€Å" â€Å"Are you warm now? All done,† Damon said and, unwisely, patted the highest curve of terrain under the towel. â€Å"Hey!† Elena reared up, and Damon – faced by an entire body of pale rose-gold and perfumed and sleek – and with muscles like steel under the silken skin – precipitately fled. He came back after an appropriate interval with a calming offering of more soup. Elena, dignified under her sheet, which she had made into a toga, accepted. She didn't even try to swat him on the bottom when his back was turned. â€Å"Whatis this place?† she wondered instead. â€Å"It can't be the Dunstans' – they're an old family, with an old house. They used to be farmers.† â€Å"Oh, let's just call it a little pied--terre of my own in the woods.† â€Å"Ha,† Elena said. â€Å"I knew you weren't sleeping in trees.† Damon found himself trying not to smile. He'd never been with Elena when the situation hadn't been life-or-death. Now, if he said he'd found he loved her mind after having massaged her naked under a sheet – no†¦No one would ever believe him. â€Å"Feeling better?† he asked. â€Å"As warm as chicken-apple soup.† â€Å"I'm never going to hear the end of that, am I?† He made her stay on the bed while he thought up nightgowns, all sizes and styles, and robes, too – and slippers, all in the instant of walking to what had been a bathroom, and was pleased to find that it was now a walk-in closet with everything anyone could want in terms of night attire. From silky lingerie to good old-fashioned sleeping gowns to night-caps, this wardrobe had it all. Damon emerged with a double armful and gave Elena her choice. She picked a high-necked white nightgown made out of some modest fabric. Damon found himself stroking a regal sky-blue gown trimmed with what looked like genuine Valenciennes lace. â€Å"Not my style,† Elena said, quickly tucking it under some other robes. Not your style aroundme , Damon thought, amused. And a wise little lass you are, too. You don't want to tempt me into doing anything you might be sorry for tomorrow. â€Å"All right – and then you can get a good night's sleep – † He broke off, for she was suddenly looking at him with astonishment and distress. â€Å"Matt! Damon, we were looking forMatt ! I just remembered. We were looking for him and I – I don't know. I got hurt. I remember falling and then I was here.† Because I carried you here, Damon thought. Because this house is just a thought in Shinichi's mind. Because the only permanent things inside it are we two. Damon took in a deep breath of air.

Political Theorists, Niccolo Machiavelli And Socrates

Political theorists, Niccolo Machiavelli and Socrates, formulated their thoughts in heightened political climates in their respective countries leading to their definitive and explicit opinions surrounding how a governmental system should be run. The government systems proposed by both theorists are vastly different due to what each individual prioritizes in terms of political necessities. Machiavelli’s concept is to describe the means in obtaining power in order to define a political structure that maintains strength in a society. He maintains this power through any means necessary including violence and presumably deceitful acts while instilling fear among his inferiors. On the contrast, through The Apology and Crito, a reader can infer†¦show more content†¦A â€Å"Machiavellian government† is one that takes violence into consideration when obtaining a leader position as well as a means in maintaining structured citizens. In contrast, Socrates does not speak of means in obtaining this form of leadership, however, he speaks of devoting his life to wisdom and spreading knowledge on pure ‘goodness’ among humans. Socrates shows little interest in a governmental system that is comprised of citizens who fear their leader, but instead, citizens and rulers who respect and strive for a common good among all. Machiavelli argues that both love and fear cannot exist in a society, therefore he comes to the conclusion that a Prince should strive for fear from his citizens. He rationalized this concept by stating that â€Å"fear is maintained by a dread of punishment which never fails† (XVII, 61). Machiavelli creates a scene that distributes the citizens of a society into a tight hierarchy whereas the sovereign is controlling and threatening. This form of government follows strict guidelines with no form of justice for the guilty. In this setting, Socrates would not receive the right to defend himself in front of a court in the way he has in the Apology. In his spiel, he states his love for Athens and the authority that governs, he does not fear his superiors, rather, respects them. Socrates’ opportunity to stand in front of a juryShow MoreRelatedSocrates And Niccolo Machiavelli1735 Words   |  7 PagesEssay 1: Socrates and Machiavelli Although Socrates and Niccolo Machiavelli lived in different time periods, the political climate that their philosophies were founded on were very similar. The trial of Socrates began after the Peloponnesian War when the new Spartan Tyranny took over the Athenian government. Socrates was accused of corrupting the youth and disrespecting the gods by the Spartan government. In the eyes of the Spartan government Socrates is a gadfly because of his posing of upsettingRead MoreEssay about Niccolo Machiavelli1653 Words   |  7 Pagesto legend, just before his death, Niccolo Machiavelli told his friends that had remained faithful to him up until the very end about a dream he had had. In his dream, he had seen a group of peasants, wretched and decrepit in appearance. He asked them who they were. They replied, ‘We are the saintly and the blessed; we are on our way to heaven.’ Then he saw a crowd of formally attired men, aristocratic and grim in appearance, speaking solemnly of important political matters. Again, he asked them whoRead More Comparing the Concepts of Seeming and Being in Relation to Political Power and Leadership in The Prince and The Republic2977 Words   |  12 PagesConcepts of Seeming and Being in Relation to Political Power and Leadership in The Prince and The Republic 9. Machiavelli says the prince only has to seem good, not be good. Socrates insists that seeming is bad, being is good. Is it better to remain in the cave with Machiavelli, or see the light with Socrates? Write three pages for Machiavelli and against Socrates, write another three pages against Machiavelli and for Socrates. Both Niccolà ² Machiavelli and Plato, in their works The Prince andRead Morehistory of philosophy5031 Words   |  21 PagesPhilosophers Aestheticians Epistemologists Ethicists Logicians Metaphysicians Social and political philosophers Traditions Analytic Continental Eastern Islamic Platonic Scholastic Periods Ancient Medieval Modern Contemporary Literature Aesthetics Epistemology Ethics Logic Metaphysics Political philosophy Branches Aesthetics Epistemology Ethics Logic Metaphysics Political philosophy Social philosophy Lists Index Outline Years Problems Publications Theories

The Negative Impact of Television on Education Essay

The Negative Impact of Television on Education Television is a pervasive and complex part of childrens lives, there are many factors that affect how much and what they view. In the essay Teaching as an Amusing Activity (1987), Neil Postman argues television conditions us to tolerate visually entertaining material measured out in chunks at a time. He explains the ways in which the media is changing the way our children are learning. Neil Postman starts off by explaining how television is being used as an attractive and seductive medium to make children to like school with shows such as Sesame Street. He describes how in a classroom setting allows the student to participate in asking questions and being interactive, while television†¦show more content†¦It influences, warps and manipulates the young minds of children into believing that education is entertainment. Postman(1985) states that there are three basic commandments that educational television provides (pgs.147,148). The first one is ?Thou shalt have no prerequisites.? It means that the viewer does not have to watch a previous episode or need to watch it from the start to finish. One can just jump in anytime and still understand it. The second commandment is ?Thou shalt induce no perplexity.? If the show becomes confusing and the viewer doesn?t understand, one can simply just change the channel. The final commandment is ?Thou shalt avoid exposition like the ten plagues visited upon Egypt.? In this Postman means that it is not the aim of television to try to explain something, which can be done by books, but rather through entertainment in ways like story telling with creative images and sound effects. Neil Postman has made it very clear of what television is doing to the educational system. It is taking away the traditional way of classroom learning, of how to interact with other peopl e and respecting your elders. Television shows such as Sesame Street did not teach one of those things, but it did teach children letters, words, numbers, classification and other skills considered to be important for school success. I agree with Postman that television as a teaching device is not allShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Impacts Of Satellite Television On The Society1740 Words   |  7 Pageshuge impact in people’s behavior, attitude and choices. Satellite TV channels has both positive and negative impacts on the society. Positive Impacts of the Satellite Television: Satellite television channels have many positive impacts on the audiences. It is helping people in broadening their outlook and destroying stereotypes beliefs. It is also increasing communication and access to diverse ideas. For instances, gender stratification has been lowered due to the effect of these television channelsRead MoreImpact of Technologies on Teenagers1700 Words   |  7 PagesThe Impact of Technologies on Teenagers An Assignment Submitted by Name of Student Name of Establishment Class XXXX, Section XXXX, Spring 2013 Nowadays, information technologies play a significant role in the modern world. Information technologies have a long history. Some technologies were created a few years ago, while some technologies are comparatively new. Technologies have penetrated all spheres of human activities: education, politics, trade, medicine, and this list canRead MoreNegative Impact of Media on Children781 Words   |  4 Pages Negative Impact of Media on Children Imagine how boring peoples lives will be if there is no media in the world. There is a vast variety of media popular today among young students and children. The most typical forms of media include video games, computer games and TV programs. 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The Greatest Debate Of Anthropology - 771 Words

Australopithecus africanus In the greatest debate of anthropology lies the all consuming desire to know where we as humans come from. Who were our ancestors and what made them so different from us? It is debated if A. africanus or Australopithecus afarensis is the direct ancestor of the genus Homo. Through critical evaluation of the features of the skeleton, dentition, and use of bipedality, it is evident that A. africanus is a direct ancestor to modern humans while possessing features from both humans and hominins. What makes A. africanus more human-like than other australopithecines is its dentition. They had large molars and premolars with shorter canines, the sharp and pointed incisors towards the front of the mouth, that did not project outwards (Strait). Canine reduction is evidence of the depart from primitive behaviors such as fighting or cutting meat; thus, reaching behaviors synonymous with modern man (Dart). Furthermore, canine reduction and large molars imply the ability to adapt to one’s su rroundings as H. sapiens do. An analysis of these molars and premolars revealed that certain patterns of wear suggest that A. africanus adapted to eat hard and fibrous foods such as nuts and seeds (Strait). This is evidence of A. africanus expanding the diet of later hominins, which would be adopted into the modern human diet. The environment of A. africanus influenced its diet. While its limb proportions suggest a forested environment, the evidence of bipedality in itsShow MoreRelatedLeslie Sponsels Approach to Investigation of the Amazon Basin1632 Words   |  6 Pagestakes a remarkably sensible approach to certain academic controversies over anthropological investigation of the Amazon Basin. To some degree, Sponsels article demands to be understood in a larger context within the overall ecosystem of academic anthropology, so to speak. 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Lab Results Fermenter Free Essays

I. OBJECTIVES: To determine the amount of anti-microbial peptide production by Staphylococcus warneri under various conditions when 2L and 10L Fermented. To Test the effects of one uncontrolled parameters sush as pH, Temperature or dissolved Oxygen and compare findings. We will write a custom essay sample on Lab Results Fermenter or any similar topic only for you Order Now To produce anti-microbial activity from Staphylococcus warneri. II. INTRODUCTION: Staphylococcus warneri is a member of bacterial genus Staphylococcus, consisting of Gram-positive bacteria with spherical cells appearing in clusters. Colonies of S. warneri are usually tan, yellow and about 2-4mm in diameter after 48 hours incubation at 35 °C. It is commonly found as part of the skin flora on humans and animals. S. warneri rarely causes disease, but may occasionally cause infection in patients whose immune system is compromised. S. warneri is known to produce antimicrobial peptide activity in the form of Nisin. The optimum conditions for this to occur are pH 7. Nisin is a polycylic antibacterial peptide with 34 amino acid residues used as a food preservative. It is produced by bacterium and which contains antimicrobial activity and which is known as a bacteriocin. Nisin has been found to have properties that can control spoilage caused by lactic acid bacteria. It is used in processed cheese, meats, beverages, etc. during production to extend shelf life by suppresing Gram-positive spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. In food it is common to use Nisin at levels depending on the food type regulatory approval. Nisin cannot be produced chemically therefore it has to be synthesised using fermentation. During fermentation various stages of growth occur and as a result different conditions can occur during this fermentation process, eg pH, most organisms produce acid as they grow and therefore in the Lag phase ( a period of adptation for the cells to their new environment, new enzymes are ynthesized) and in the lag phase can produce alkaline substances and therefore pH plays an important role in efficient fermentation. As acid is produced alkaline substance needs to be added to the process to maintain the optimum pH of 7 and likewise in the lag phase when alkaline substances are produced, acidic substance needs to be added to maintain the pH, tempera ture, and oxygen. III. MATERIALS AND METHODS:â€Å"As per manual. † IV. RESULTS: TABLE 1. 1 History Plot Vessel 1 – 2L NO Temperature control: TABLE 1. 2 History Plot Vessel 2 – 2L NO Air Flow: TABLE 1. History Plot Vessel 3 – 2L NO pH control: TABLE 1. 4 History Plot Vessel 4 – 2L Optimum conditions: TABLE 1. 5 History Plot Vessel 5 – 10L Optimum conditions: TABLE 1. 6 Fermentation conditions for each Vessels 1 – 5: Parameter Vessel Number Vessel 1 Vessel 2 Vessel 3 Vessel 4 Vessel 5 (10L) pH 7 7 No control 7 7 Agitation Speed (RPM) 150 150 150 150 150 Temp oC No Control 37 37 37 37 Airflow (L/min) 2 No air flow 2 2 2 TABLE 1. 7 Results for antimicrobial peptide activity in 2 L or 10 L fermenters: Time (post inoculation) Vessel 1 Vessel 2 Vessel 3 Vessel 4 Vessel 5 3:00 (4. 5 hours) No activity No activity Neat Neat Neat; 1:2 14:00 (5. 5 hours) No activity Neat; 1:2 Neat; 1:2 Neat; 1:2 No results 15:00 (6. 5 hours) No activity Neat; 1:2 Neat Neat; 1:2 Neat; 1:2; 1:4;1:8 16:00 (7. 5 hours) No activity Neat Neat;1:2;1:4 Neat; 1:2 Neat; 1:2; 1:4;1:8 9:00 (24. 5 hours) No activity Neat Neat;1:2;1:4 Neat;1:2;1:4;1:8 Neat; 1:2; 1:4;1:8 V. DISCUSSION: In this practical, Fermentation is used to scale testing in laboratory. The fermenters in the Laboratory are based on a batch system, with feeds to control the pH and Oxygen levels and Temperature. All parameters are controlled using sensor probes in the vessels connected to a data logging software system. The vessels 4 and 5 are controls where the optimum environmental growth parameters for the strain are kept. To determine the results obtained in each vessels are as follows: Vessel 1: No antimicrobial peptide activity seen at any of the time intervals. This indicates that when temperature is not controlled the temperature can increase significantly. As shows in TABLE 1. 1 History Plot Vessel 1 – 2L NO Temperature control. Vessel 2: No antimicrobial activity seen at 13:00. However antimicrobial activity seen in both neat and 1:2 sample at 14:00 and 15:00. Antimicrobial activity seen in neat sample at 16:00 and 09:00. When air flow is not controlled the reduced air content reduces the rate of fermentation, As Oxygen is required for cell growth and when air is in reduced quantity this slows down rate of cell reproduction as shows in TABLE 1. 2 History Plot Vessel 2 – 2L NO Air Flow. Vessel 3: Antimicrobial activity seen in neat sample at all time intervals. Antimicrobial activity seen in 1:2 sample at 14:00, 16:00 and 09:00. Activity seen in 1:4 for the first time at 16:00 and 09:00. There is greater anti-microbial peptide activity with temperature and air controls which shows that the pH does not have significant effects as the other two parameters. The fermentation was not affected to the same extent by pH as shown in TABLE 1. 3 History Plot Vessel 3 – 2L NO pH control. Vessel 4: Antimicrobial activity seen in neat sample at all time intervals. Activity seen in 1:2 sample at 14:00, 15:00, 16:00 and 09:00. For the first time see antimicrobial activity in 1:8 sample at 09:00. This shows the three uncontrolled vessels has greater anti-microbial peptide, where in fermentation took place on its fastest rate as all conditions are maintained at most favourable for the organism to grow and reproduced as shown in TABLE 1. 4 History Plot Vessel 4 – 2L Optimum conditions. Vessel 5: (In error no result recorded for 14:00 time interval) Antimicrobial activity seen in neat and 1:2 sample at all time intervals. Activity seen in 1:4 and 1:8 (for the first time) at 15:00, 16:00 and 09:00. The effects produce the highest level of anti-microbial peptide activity of all the system. The organism has greater supply of oxygen and nutrients and temperature and pH has a lesser effect due to the larger volume as shown in TABLE 1. 5 History Plot Vessel 5 – 10L Optimum conditions. VI. CONCLUSIONS: In this practical the results was successfully determined that Temperature is the most important parameter to control in relation to microbial growth. Therefore, if temperature was not controlled, NO amount of anti-microbial peptide activity produced by Staphylococcus warneri. While in Oxygen level and pH level if NOT controlled S. warneri will still grow and produced the anti-microbial peptide. How to cite Lab Results Fermenter, Papers

Essay Human Resource Management

Question: Write an essay about the Human Resource Management. Answer: Introduction The key responsibilities of a Human Resource Manager are staffing, redesigning work responsibilities and reshaping organizational culture. The Human Resource Management is a key aspect of a business organization. Human resource management is also synonymous with nongovernmental or nonprofit organizations. The human resource management is practically the most significant part of a business process where the key decisions are taken whether the company has personnel on its reserve benches. This information is provided by the Human Resource and upon recommendation from the higher components of a business process. The Human Resource hires and recruits personnel for the new business expansion or process to be undertaken, or if the resources are already available in the reserved space, then the Human Resource Management sets into motion the drafting of those employees to appropriate positions. A business organization dealing with products or services cannot simply do away with the Human Res ource Management; the job then wouldnt be done otherwise. Topic I: Key Competitive challenges The freeing of markets and new markets opening their doors to foreign brands, the omnipresent brands and products take the full brunt of rapid globalization (Kawachi and Wamala, 2007). Nowadays it needs a lot of strategies and convincing to fool the customer into buying or shifting to a new product because the customers are knowledgeable. Technology is the main constituent of challenges faced by an organization. Companies need to improvise and update their products or services regarding ongoing technological demands or face the risk of extinction. Innovation in a business or organization drives the motivation to develop or exploit new markets or products or other expertise that havent ever been tried out or tested. An organization has to adopt fair and sustainable means of achieving financial objectives to survive in the long run (Chongwatpol and Sharda, 2013). The companies which are funded by stakeholders have to guarantee and undertake measures such that the stakeholders get a pro fitable return on their capital. Employees must have sole authority to decide which employer to choose from rival companies; the companies must not retain their employees forcefully or under obligation. The challenges that our company faces regarding competition are Globalization, technological advancements, innovative challenges and retaining valuable employees. Our company experiences challenge unique to the organization. The company faces employability issues. The problems range like procuring suitable candidates with technical backgrounds. Topic II: Discussion on bullying behavior It becomes the natural responsibility of that person to be held responsible for the error that occurred in his areas of responsibilities. So this is not appropriate to be considered as bullying behavior (Fried and Sosland, 2009). The vegan must not be a subject of comical discussion must be advised to eat proteins in a subtle and empathizing way. So this is also not a bullying behavior if the level of mocking doesnt exceed human-specific limits of tolerance. This can be considered as a bulling activity unless the person always suggests illegible opinions. This is not bullying since the person had already agreed to complete the task. A person must not be forced to do something against his or her wishes. So this activity can be treated as a special case of bullying. It is the fault of the person not being able to keep up with time. So, this is not a bullying activity. If some situation or occupation demands to restrict someone from inviting the person to a meeting, it is not a bullying activity. This is not a bullying activity. The employee should welcome the new employee to a new warm and friendly organization culture. Again a situation might demand that a person is removed from a panel of discussion. So this is also not a bullying activity. Letters or notes of accusations on the last day of work before a holiday is slightly bullying in nature, since the notes could have been forwarded to the employee after he returns from a holiday. Topic III: Introductory brand teaser We have been provided with an image. The image shows a red labeling in an Asian language with transparent edges visible from both above and below the labeling. The transparent edges look very much like glass with the bulging shape appearing downwards and the upper constriction shaped glass bottling above the red label. Most probably, the picture shows a glass soft drink bottle emptied of its contents. So the product is a soft drink. The second image shows clearly that the image is of a soft drink bottle. The bottle is 200 mill liters in capacity and contains an aerated drink. The soft drink contains caffeine as is evident from the dark coloring of the soft drink and is carbonated in nature. The brand name though is inscribed in the labeling in a language or script that is mostly associated with the Arabic texts. The third image in the queue displays oral health items and supplements to improve dental health. The picture clearly shows a toothpaste tube kept upside down with the brand name inscribed in English. The brand name reads as Coca Cola, which is synonymous with a carbonated soft drink brand. The side label also reads Total Cavity Protection, but arent sugary drinks supposed to cause a dental cavity in the first place? So the entire context is unsuitable (Seal cavity protection, 2009). Even if some tooth paste brand uses the name like Coca-Cola, there will be copyright infringement suites launched by the Coca-Cola Company for using their trademark in their product. Topic IV: Optimized Adult Learning Our organization is an involved in all three fields of aspects of the learning process, namely Experience oriented, relationship oriented as well as formal learning process oriented. Our employees are well connected with their direct supervisors and can seek any advice at any hour of business. Our skill managers have a direct role in providing formal training and mentoring of the candidates and employees (Neidorf, 2012). In our organization, the ratio 70:20:10 of experience, relationship, and formal training holds true, except for a few specific departments where formal training methodology is always imparted. Our organization values interrelationship learning between colleagues and highly recommends its employees to practice it. The company emphasizes in self-learning and experience of the employees and provides opportunities for practicing varied skills firsthand. The ratio is suitably justified for our organization. Under anomalous conditions of testing of the employees, we have observed that the ratio still holds true. Topic V: (a) Managers performance in facilitating informal learning The Human Resource Management and Skills Management division of our organization is constantly involved in providing and mentoring employees on their learning process (Poon, 2012). The Skills Department appreciates requests from the employees in providing them with valuable suggestions and recommendations. The organization has specific learning tools including e-learning facilities to help enhance the learning experience of the employees. The managers urge employees to undergo joint sessions of learning and skill sharing amongst them. The managers are involved in facilitating the employees with a resource room wherein they can browse through relevant repositories of information. The managers have created an online platform wherein employees can share their findings and seek recommendation and advice from a senior. The company has also created an anonymous platform wherein employees can almost discuss anything without a fair chance of a rebuke. (b) Use of online tools The use of online tools has further sped up the process of learning among employees. The employees are urged to take help from online forums of discussion or internal forums before executing a business process (Cumberlidge, 2007). The employees make full use of videos and interactive media sources to enhance their process of learning. The video sharing websites are full of relevant information which the employees make use of in their daily work routines. Topic VI: (a) Pay above Market average The only reason one might consider a decision to pay above average market rate is, only if the product or service being offered is exclusive or unique in nature. Moreover, the product or service in concern must not be available elsewhere with a different dealer or service provider with price less than what is being offered at the moment of this discussion. One might also pay above average market price if the deal is being offered for a limited period. (b) Pay market average A decision to pay at a rate equivalent to market average is taken; if the product or service in concern is available locally or elsewhere with a rate similar or less than that is being offered (BDA publishes average pay rates for DCPs, 2011). The decision to procure the item at market average is taken when the product needs to be procured in an emergency. The average market price will be available with many other relevant dealers but is not available just when it is required. (c) Pay below market average A decision to pay a price less than market average comes when it is observed that the product or service in concern is of less quality than its counterparts which are available at a price slightly higher than what is being offered. The decision comes at the expense of the knowledge of procuring a good of lower quality but a lesser cost than market average. Topic VII: Herzbergs Two Factor Theory The Herzbergs theory of motivation and reinforcement theory states that (Shpektorenko, 2013), the specific sets of causes which motivates and individual can be categorized into two broad categories: One is Hygiene factor, and the other is Social factor. An individuals need arise out of Food, Clothing and Shelter. These are the primary motivators of an individual. If these needs are satisfied the only can be, the higher motivators play their role. When the Hygiene factors are satisfied, then the Emotional, Social, and Job satisfaction issues can be effectively dealt with. With basic pay packages that wont attract individuals with professional course backgrounds, the employees safety needs arent properly taken care of. The employee or his family might face huge difficulties in making ends meet every day. With higher remuneration, the employee saves sufficient money after paying for house rent, food, medicine and essentials of his family. The extra money that the employee saves is almost always dedicated to the luxury and comfort. The next thing on the cards is emotional or love needs. When the employee finds satisfaction in the fact that he can save quite an amount even after spending on luxury and comfort, he decides to indulge in social company. Topic VIII: Demographics The trend as predicted by the given demographics statistics, of decreasing number of people joining the workforce of the organization (Melik, 2007), will have huge implications in the number of people capable of performing a specific job. The trend predicts that the number of annual joining rate would significantly decrease. This situation will affect the way our organization performs its daily deeds. This would mean that more and more people have to be trained on various modules of work, and the overall restructuring of job positions needs to be done. More work areas will be integrated, and skills of personnel have to be aggregated to shed the load on future recruitments (Rasnaca, 2012). The second trend predicts that the mortality rate above the age of 65 will significantly decrease at an exponential rate by the year of 2042. This would mean that the number of young people working for our organization would increase with a significant decrease in the number of employed senior most employees. The third trend implies that the organization would involve more and more senior citizens being inducted into our organization. Our organization would seek to provide employment to retiring employees with suitable technical knowledge in the required field of expertise (Handzic, 2011). Topic IX: Ethics Test In context to the recent business decision to involve the use of force or restraint, in case an employee choose to divulge business data to rival or competitive firms, we apply the set of ethical questions to justify our moral grounds (Horton and Roche, 2010). Our actions can be justified in a Court of Law since it implements slight forces to restrict an employee from divulging business secrets. Yes, obviously I can talk to my mother about the decision that was jointly taken. The use of force in a justified cause relating to Secrecy of Office holds and can be transferred to the judiciary in case of a grave breach. I wouldnt certainly be bothered about it since it involved the well-being of my company and the people who are directly related to the organization. Yes, I would want my children to be a part of the workforce that adheres to the cause of well-being of the company and not be part of some conspiracy that involves the accomplishment of some personal goals at the cost of the survival of the company (Shih et al., 2013). Topic X: Two ways in which we can develop ethical organizational culture A company like ours strives to achieve competence not at the cost of disposing personal moral values or ethics but by mutually adhering to the just principles and fundamentals of personal morale (Dummies, 2013). The first step, our organization can do, is to develop a set of ethical codes or standards. The ethical code of conduct seeks to outline principles, which an employee should abide by at all times. This step is a rudimentary and important step to foster a culture of ethics amongst employees and would certainly act as a guiding light to our executives and business professionals while conducting business. The second step is appointing an Ethics Ombudsman, who would provide motivation, mentoring and support in times of crisis to the employees (Promsri, 2014). The ethics ombudsman would be bound by law to ensure the privacy of the employees who seek their consultation. The person would be readily available and would serve the employees with his valuable moral and judicial consultation and observations. Conclusion It would be apt at the moment after a thorough discussion of Human Resource Management in the organization, to speak a few concluding words. The first step in creating a corporate quality culture is to motivate the overall development of the employees. The readily available technology has further enhanced the levels of training as well as hastened the outreach of secured supervision of the tasks and its employees. But the financial motivators of business should not only be considered while making a business decision. The task is more subtle, less physically visible, but is always omnipresent in a corporate environment. The task is to efficiently handle and mange the employees and their expectations in an optimum way such that all the concerned and involved parties are duly satisfied in the process. Last but not the least, the organization seeks to motivate and reward its employees who value themselves and their organization. Reference BDA publishes average pay rates for DCPs. (2011).Vital, 8(1), pp.9-9. Chongwatpol, J. and Sharda, R. (2013). Achieving Lean Objectives through RFID: A Simulation-Based Assessment*.Decision Sciences, 44(2), pp.239-266. Cumberlidge, M. (2007).Business process management with JBoss jBPM. Birmingham, U.K.: Packt Publ. Dummies, C. (2013).Thriving in the workplace all-in-one for dummies. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Fried, S. and Sosland, B. (2009).Banishing bullying behavior. Lanham: Rowman Littlefield Education. Handzic, M. (2011). Integrated socioà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ technical knowledge management model: an empirical evaluation.J of Knowledge Management, 15(2), pp.198-211. Horton, K. and Roche, C. (2010).Ethical questions and international NGOs. Dordrecht: Springer. Kawachi, I. and Wamala, S. (2007).Globalization and health. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Melik, R. (2007).The rise of the project workforce. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Neidorf, R. (2012).Teach beyond your reach. Medford, New Jersey: CyberAge Books. Poon, J. (2012). Real estate graduates employability skills.Property Management, 30(5), pp.416-434. Promsri, C. (2014). Thai Employees Perception Towards Organizational Crisis Preparedness.MJSS. Rasnaca, L. (2012). Peculiarities of the employees' recruitments by rural employers: the case of Latvia.European Countryside, 4(3). Seal cavity protection. (2009).Sealing Technology, 2009(5), p.14. Shih, S., Jiang, J., Klein, G. and Wang, E. (2013). Job burnout of the information technology worker: Work exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment.Information Management, 50(7), pp.582-589. Shpektorenko, I. (2013). Theory of motivation of F. Herzberg in a context to the structure of professional mobility of personnel.Public administration aspects, 0(1).